Main Article Content

Abstract

Abstrak

Asumsi sekularisme bahwa peran agama akan meredup pasca Pencerahan, nyata tidak terbukti. Dugaan akan tergerusnya agama di ruang publik, tak terwujud. Meski ada sekularisasi di masyarakat, tapi proses itu tidak berimbas pada kesadaran individu. Agama masih menjadi modal sosial dan memberikan pengaruh terhadap pergumulan masyarakat modern. Dalam bentuknya yang paling militan hingga yang halus kita merasakan bagaimana pengaruh dari Konfusianisme dan Taoisme di Cina dan Taiwan, Kristen Kharismatik serta Pentakostalisme di Afrika Selatan dan India, Kristen Ortodoks di Rusia, Islam di Indonesia serta spirit kapitalisme di Eropa Timur. Agama disini, menjadi sebentuk the hidden form of capital atau modal yang tersembunyi. Di lain wajah, sentimen agama, juga tak jarang menimbulkan banyak pertikaian. Konflik antar umat beragama semakin banyak kita temukan. Inilah era dimana counter terhadap sekularisasi justru semakin menguat.  Agama selalu menghadirkan wajah ganda yang ambivalen, menjadi perekat dan sumber integrasi di satu sisi, tapi juga menjadi pemisah dan sumber konfilik di sisi lain. Bagaimana masyarakat yang tidak saling mengenal satu dengan lain, berasal dari berbagai belahan dunia bisa terbangun sentimennya karena agama. Juga sebaliknya, bagaimana ikatan-ikatan persaudaraan menjadi pudar karena berbeda agama atau pemahaman keagamaan.

Kata kunci: Agama, Integrasi, Konflik dan Rekonsiliasi

 

Abstract

The assumption of secularism that the role of religion will diminish after the Enlightenment is not proven. Allegations of religious erosion in the public sphere are unfulfilled. Although there is secularization in society, but the process does not affect individual consciousness. Religion is still a social capital and gives effect to the struggle of modern society. In its most militant to subtle form we feel the influence of Confucianism and Taoism in China and Taiwan, Christian Charismatics and Pentecostalism in South Africa and India, Orthodox Christianity in Russia, Islam in Indonesia and the spirit of capitalism in Eastern Europe. Here, Religion is being a form of hidden form of capital or hidden capital. On the other face, religious sentiments, also not infrequently cause a lot of disputes. Conflict among religious people more and more we find. This is an era where the counter to secularization is actually getting stronger. Religion always presents an ambivalent double face, a glue and source of integration on the one hand, but also a separator and a source of confidence on the other. How people who do not know each other, coming from different parts of the world can be awakened by religious sentiment. On the contrary, how fraternal bonds fade due to different religions or religious understanding.

Keyword: Religion, Integration, Conflict and Reconciliation

 

               

Article Details

References

  1. DAFTAR PUSTAKA
  2. Andreski, Stanislav, Max Weber on Capitalism, Bureaucracy and Religion, terj. Hartono, “Max
  3. Weber: Kapitalisme, Birokrasi dan Agama†Yogyakarta: Tiara Wacana, 1989
  4. Appleby, R. Scott, The Ambivalence of the Sacred: Religion, Violence and Reconciliation,
  5. Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 2000.
  6. Berger, Peter L., dan Gordon Redding (ed), The Hidden Form of Capital: Spiritual Inf luences in
  7. Societal Progress, London and New York: Anthem Press, 2010.
  8. Berger, Peter L., “The Desecularization of the World: A Global Overviewâ€, dalam Peter L.
  9. Berger (ed), The Desecularization of the World: Resurgent Religion and World Politics
  10. Washington DC-Grand Rapids Michigan: Ethics and Public Policy Center-William B.
  11. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1999
  12. Durkheim, Emile, Suicide: A Study in Sociology, New York: Free Press, 1968
  13. Durkheim, Emile, The Division of Labor in Society, New York: The Free Press, 1984
  14. Durkheim, Emile, The Elementary Forms of Religious Life, New York: The Free Press, 1995
  15. Gerth, H.H. dan Charles Wright Mills, From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology, New York:
  16. Oxford University Press, 1946
  17. Johnstone, Ronald L., Religion in Society: Sociology of Religion, New Jersey: Prentice Hall,
  18. McKinnon, Andrew, “Opium as Dialectics of Religion: Metaphor, Expression and Protestâ€,
  19. dalam Warren S. Goldstein (ed), Marx, Critical Theory and Religion: A Critique of
  20. Rational Choice, (Boston: BRILL, 2006
  21. Means, Richard L., “Weber's Thesis of the Protestant Ethic: The Ambiguities of Received
  22. Doctrineâ€, The Journal of Religion, Vol. 45, No. 1. Jan., 1965
  23. Meddeb, Abdelwahab, The Malady of Islam, Basic Books, New York: 2003.
  24. Pas, Daniel L., Eight Theories of Religion, New York: Oxford University Press, 2006
  25. Roth, Guenter and Claus Wittich (ed), Max Weber: Economy and Society, vol.I Los Angeles:
  26. University of California Press, 1978
  27. Sudrajat, Ajat, Etika Protestan dan Kapitalisme Barat Relevansinya dengan Islam Indonesia
  28. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara, 1994
  29. Swidler, Leonard dan Paul Mojzes, The Study of Religion in an Age of Global Dialogue
  30. (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2000
  31. Tucker, Robert C. (ed), The Marx-Engels Reader (London, New York: Norton Company, 1978
  32. Turner, Bryan S., “Islam, Capitalism and the Weber Thesesâ€, The British Journal of Sociology,
  33. Vol. 25, No. 2. Jun., 1974
  34. Weber, Max, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism New York: Charles Scribner’s
  35. Sons, 1976