PEMBUATAN BIODISEL DARI MINYAK BIJI NYAMPLUNG MELALUI ESTERIFIKASI, NETRALISASI DAN TRANSESTERIFIKASI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36499/jim.v11i1.1084Abstract
It has done research about the making of biodiesel from oil seeds nyamplung through the process esterification-neutralization-transesterification. Neutralization process which is done before the transesterification is expected to optimize the transesterification process, thereby increasing the yield of biodiesel. This study was conducted to assess the effect of different method of esterification-transesterification (ET) and method esterification -neutralization-transesterification (ENT) in the making of biodiesel from oil seeds nyamplung. Pretreatment for purification of the raw materials that do include degumming, esterification and neutralization. Transesterification performed using variations in temperature (30 oC, 40 oC, 50 oC, 60 oC, 70 oC), methanol-oil molar ratio (6: 1; 7: 1; 8: 1; 9: 1; 10: 1 and the concentration of KOH catalyst (0.75%, 1%, 1.25%, 1.5%, 1.75%). The results showed that the process ENT produce biodiesel yield higher than the ET process. At a temperature of 60 oC, the molar ratio methanol-oil 8: 1 and 1.25% KOH catalyst concentration provides maximum biodiesel yield of 92.20% by weight.
Keywords : esterification, neutralization, transesterification, nyamplung.Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pembuatan biodisel dari minyak biji nyamplung melalui proses esterifikasi-netralisasi-transesterifikasi. Proses netralisasi yang dilakukan sebelum transesterifikasi diharapkan dapat mengoptimalkan proses transesterifikasi sehingga dapat meningkatkan yield biodiesel. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji perbedan pengaruh metode esterifikasi-transesterifikasi (E-T) dan metode esterifikasi-netralisasi-transesterifikasi (E-N-T) pada pembuatan biodiesel dari minyak biji nyamplung. Perlakuan pendahuluan untuk pemurnian bahan baku yang dilakukan meliputi proses degumming, esterifikasi dan netralisasi. Transesterifikasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan variasi suhu (30 oC, 40 oC, 50 oC, 60 oC, 70 oC), rasio molar metanol-minyak (6:1; 7:1; 8:1; 9:1; 10:1 dan konsentrasi katalis KOH (0,75 %, 1 %, 1,25 %, 1,5 %, 1,75 %). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses E-N-T menghasilkan yield biodiesel yang lebih tinggi dibanding proses E-T. Pada suhu 60 oC, rasio molar metanol-minyak 8:1 dan konsentrasi katalis KOH 1,25 % memberikan yield biodisel maksimal sebesar 92,20 % berat.
Kata kunci : esterifikasi, netralisasi, transesterifikasi, nyamplung.
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