Pengaruh Pretreatment Microwave Terhadap Delignifikasi Limbah Nanas Sebagai Rujukan Bahan Baku Bioethanol
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36499/jim.v19i2.9968Keywords:
Bioethanol, Delignifikasi, Limbah Nanas, Microwave,Abstract
Bioethanol merupakan salah satu sumber energi alternatif yang ramah lingkungan untuk mewujudkan global zero emission. Proses produksi bioethanol juga tergolong sangat sederhana melalui peroses fermentasi anaerob dari biomassa yang sangat melimpah. Pemanfaatan bahan baku yang terintegrasi mampu mengatasi permasalahan limbah dan meningatkan nilai ekonomis dari limbah tersebut. Limbah nanas yang berpotensi sebagai rujukan bahan baku bioethanol memiliki kandungan lignin yang akan menghambat hidrolisis bahan organic menjadi bioethanol. Maka dari itu perlu dilakukan suatu usaha untuk menghilangkan kandungan lignin dalam limbah nanas melalui pretreatment gelombang mikro (microwave). Dalam penelitian ini digunakan beberapa variabel proses yaitu: rasio 1:20 (b/v), waktu kontak 10 menit, dan variabel suhu 70, 80 dan 90oC. Dari hasil analisa dengan menggunakan metode Chesson-Data didapatkan hasil yang menujukan bahwa pengaruh pretreatment microwave cukup signifikan dengan kondisi optimum operasi pada suhu 90oC dengan hasil lignin yang terlarutkan sebanyak 9,05%, Hal tersebut juga berimbas positif terhadap selulosa yang terlarut sebanyak 29,42% jauh lebih banyak dibandingkan tanpa pretreatmant. Analisa dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan FTIR (Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy) yang menunjukan penurunan wavenumber yang mengidentifikasikan pengaruh pretreatment microwave terhadap struktur lingnin yang terdapat pada limbah nanas. Daerah tersebut berada pada panjang gelombang yang cukup tinggi antara (2800 - 3500 cm-1) dan panjang gelombang relative cukup rendah yaitu (800 - 1700 cm-1) yang keduanya merupakan daerah serapan selulosa.
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