Peran Aktor Individu Non-Pemerintah Dalam Diplomasi Stakeholders: Studi Kasus Aktivis Lingkungan Greta Thunberg Tahun 2018-2019
Abstract
Greta Thuberg menjadi salah satu individu yang menarik cukup banyak perhatian dunia. Hal tersebut diperolehnya melalui kampanye penyelamatan lingkungannya yang dinilai menentang banyak pihak dan juga elit politik di dunia. Aksi yang dilakukannya telah mendapatkan perhatian dari berbagai pemimpin dunia termasuk Donald Trump (USA) dan Vladimir Putin (Russia). Penelitian ini membahas mengenai pergesaran peran diplomasi yang sebelumnya terbatas pada aktor negara dan diplomat menjadi lebih luas hingga adanya peluang individu non-pemerintah untuk menjadi aktor diplomasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan perluasan konsep aktor diplomasi dalam dunia Hubungan Internasional yang memberikan peluang bagi aktor individu non-pemerintah.
Konsep yang digunakan oleh Penulis didalam penelitian ini adalah konsep diplomasi stakeholders yang memiliki kriteria khusus dalam mengartikan aktor diplomasi. Kriteria tersebut ialah Ruang Institusional, Keterlibatan Aktor Non-Pemerintah, dan Pengakuan dari Aktor Pemegang Kepentingan. Metode yang digunakan Penulis dalam penelitian ini adalah metode studi kepustakaan dengan pengambilan data sekunder dari sumber-sumber yang terpercaya. Hasil dari penelitian ini mampu membuktikan perluasan makna aktor diplomasi yang selalunya didominasi oleh negara dan diplomat, menjadi lebih luas dengan adanya peluang aktor individu non-pemerintah menggunakan contoh kasus aktivis lingkungan Greta Thunberg dan usahanya dalam gerakan Friday For Future (FFF) tahun 2018-2019.
Kata Kunci: Diplomasi Stakeholders, FFF, Greta Thunberg, Perubahan Iklim, Aktivisme Lingkungan
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