STUDI KOMPARATIF PEMIKIRAN AL-SYATIBI DAN JASEER AUDAH MENGENAI MAQĀŞID AL-SYARI’AH DAN KONTRIBUSINYA DALAM PERKEMBANGAN FIQIH MUAMALAH DI INDONESIA
Abstract
ABSTRACT This research as a purpose to provide an understanding of the substance of maqÄÅŸid al-sharia, to the general public, especially Muslims, as well as to provide an understanding that muamalah fiqh or sharia economic law which is one of the objects of Islamic law study cannot be separated from maqÄÅŸid al-syariah in its legal establishment. The focus of this research is the theory of maqÄÅŸid al-shariah al-Syatibi and Jaseer Audah as a methodology to spark increasingly complex contemporary problems. The theory of both was tested and applied to muamalah cases in Indonesia, especially the DSN-MUI fatwa in ijtihad issuing a fatwa that gave birth to fiqh that was alive, not rigid, in favor of human benefit, but could not be separated from the corridor of revelation. This research is a qualitativedescriptive study, the data sources in this study are primary and secondary in the form of document studies required in the research problem. The data analysis techniques used were data reduction, data verification, and drawing conclusions with a normative approach by making uÅŸÅ«l fiqih as the main tool. The results showed that (1) MaqÄÅŸid al-syari'ah has an important value in the formulation of Islamic law. (2) The concept of maqÄÅŸid al-syari'ah according to al-Syatibi and Jaseer Audah is the concept and instrument of contemporary ijtihad. (3) The thoughts of al-Syatibi and Jaseer have a lot of similarity and have different sides as well in which both synergize and complement each other. (4) Each of al-Syatibi and Jaseer Audah contributed theoretically and practically related to maqÄsid alsyari'ah. (4) the contribution of ijtihad maqÄÅŸidi was widely applied by scholars in formulating Islamic law, including in Indonesia through the the Indonesian Ulama Council (DSN-MUI). Key words: MaqÄÅŸid al-Syari’ah, al-Syatibi and Jaseer Audah, Fiqh Muamalat.ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman terhaddap subtansi maqÄÅŸid al-syariah, kepada khalayak umum khususnya umat Islam, juga memberikan pemahaman bahwa fiqih muamalah atau hukum eknomi syariah yang merupakan salah satu objek kajian hukum Islam tidak dapat terlepas dari maqÄÅŸid al-syariah dalam penetapan hukumnya. Fokus penelitian ini adalah teori maqÄÅŸid al-syariah al-Syatibi dan Jaseer Audah sebagai metodologi untuk mencetuskan problematika kontemporer yang semakin kompleks. Teori keduanya diujikan dan diaplikasikan pada kasus-kasus muamalah yang ada di Indonesia, khususnya fatwa DSN-MUI dalam ijtihad mengeluarkan fatwa yang melahirkan fikih yang hidup, tidak kaku, berpihak pada kemaslahatan manusia, namun tidak terlepas dari koridor wahyu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif-deskriptif, sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah sumber data primer dan sekunder berupa studi dokumen yang diperlukan dalam permasalahan penelitian. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, verifikasi data, dan penarikan kesimpulan dengan pendekatan normatif dengan menajdikan uÅŸÅ«l fiqih sebagai pisau bedah utamanya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) MaqÄsid al-syari’ah memiliki nilai yang penting dalam perumusan hukum Islam. (2) Konsep maqÄsid alsyari’ah menurut al-Syatibi dan Jaseer Audah menajdi sebuh konsep dan perangkat ijtihad kekinian. (3) Peimikiran al-Syatibi dan Jaseer banyak memiliki persamaan dan memiliki sisi perbedaan yang mana keduanya saling bersinergi dan melengkapi. (4) Masing-masing dintara al-Syatibi dan Jaseer Audah memberikan kontribusi secara teoritis dan praktis terkait maqÄsid al-syari’ah.(4) kontribusi ijtihad maqÄÅŸidi banyak diterapkan oleh ulama dalam merumuskan hukum Islam, termasuk di Indonesia leewat DSN-MUI. Kata Kunci: MaqÄÅŸid al- Syari’ah, al-Syatibi dan Jaseer Audah, Fiqih Muamalah.
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2020-12-16
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