FORMULASI MAQASID SYARIAH DAN RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP PROBLEMATIKA FIQIH MUAMALAH KONTEMPORER DI INDONESIA (STUDI PEMIKIRAN ABDULLAH BIN BAYYAH)
Abstract
ABSTRACT The focus in this study is related to contemporary muamalah fiqih from Abdullah Bin Bayyah's Thought and making Maqasid Syariah as his ijtihad reasoning. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach and the type of research used is library research. The data collection technique is by way of documentation by collecting qualitative data by viewing or analyzing documents/books that aim to find research results. Analysis of the data used is inductive analysis. In this study, it was found that there is a need for a maqasid sharia formulation as the main reference in determining sharia economic law/fiqih muamalah, especially contemporary problems. Abdullah bin Bayyah formulated five Maqasid Sharia Fiqih Muamalat, namely; ar Rawaj (turnover of assets), al wudhuh (transparency), al hifdz (maintenance of property), at Tsabat (Wholeness) and al Adl (fairness in transactions). These five aspects are in accordance with and relevant to the fatwa or guidelines related to contemporary transactions of Islamic banking or Islamic financial institutions issued by the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI). It is also necessary to regulate laws and regulations from the government that absorb the DSN MUI fatwa so that it has a binding nature (mulzim) to all elements of society. Because the fatwa is non-binding (ghoiru mulzim) so that the existence of the fatwa can be accounted for in the eyes of Indonesian law and legislation. Keywords: Maqasid Syariah, Contemporary Muamalah Fiqih ABSTRAK Fokus dalam penelitian ini berkaitan dengan fiqih muamalah kontemporer dari Pemikiran Abdullah Bin Bayyah dan menjadikan Maqasid Syariah sebagai nalar ijtihadnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dan jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kepustakaan/library research. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data adalah dengan jalan dokumentasi dengan cara pengumpulan data kualitatif dengan melihat atau menganalisis dokumen-dokumen/buku-buku yang bertujuan untuk menemukan hasil penelitian. Analisa data yang dipakai adalah analisis induktif. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa perlu adanya formulasi m aqasid syariah sebagai referensi utama dalam menetapkan hukum ekonomi syariah/fiqih muamalah khususnya problematika kontemporer. Abdullah bin Bayyah merumuskan lima Maqasid Syariah Fiqih Muamalat yaitu; ar Rawaj (perputaran harta), al wudhuh (transparansi), al hifdz (pemeliharaan harta), at Tsabat (Keutuhan) dan al Adl (keadilan dalam transaksi). Kelima aspek ini sesuai dan relevan dengan fatwa atau pedoman terkait transaksi kontemporer perbankan syariah atau lembaga keuangan syariah yang dikeluarkan oleh Dewan Syariah Nasioanal Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN-MUI). Diperlukan juga regulasi peraturan perundang-undangan dari pemerintah yang meresap fatwa DSN MUI tersebut agar mempunyai sifat mengikat (mulzim) kepada seluruh elemen masyarakat. Karena fatwa bersifat tidak mengikat (ghoiru mulzim) agar keberadaan fatwa tersebut dapat dipertanggung jawabkan di mata hukum dan perundangundangan Indonesia. Kata Kunci: Maqasid Syariah, Fiqih Muamalah Kontemporer
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