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Abstract
5-Fluorouracil is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent in patients with colon cancer. The side effect using of 5-fluorouracil such as cardiotoxicity and immunosupressioncan lead to death. One of the approach to overcome overloaded use of 5-fluorouracil is the combination with a chemopreventive agent, including the grape seeds extract (Vitis vinifera L.). This research aims to reviewing the effect of grape seeds extract on the cytotoxic activity of 5-fluorouracil in modulating cell cycle and apoptosis induction of colon cancer cellsWiDr. Determination of the cytotoxic activity of grape seeds extract and 5-fluorouracil as well as a combination of both conducted by MTT assay. Modulation surveillance of cell cycle and apoptosis induction is done by using flowcytometry and analyzed by FACS Calibur program. Cytotoxicity assay single treatment of grape seeds extract (IC50) is 403,957μg/ml, whereas IC50 values 5-fluorouracil is 848 µM. Observations modulation of cell cycle and apoptosis induction combination of grape seeds extract  and 5-fluorouracil at concentrations of 403,957μg/ml - 212 µM, showed that a combination of grape seeds extract and 5-fluorouracil to inhibit the proliferation of cells in S phase and able to induce apoptosis of colon cancer cells WiDr.
Keywords: Grape seeds extract, 5-Fluorouracil, Cell cycle, Apoptosis, WiDr cells
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References
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- Nurulita, N.A., Meiyanto, E., Sugiyanto, Matsuda, E., and Kawaichi, M., 2011, The Ethyl Acetate Fraction of GynuraprocumbensSensitizesWiDr Colon Cancer Cell Line against 5-Fluorouracil but Shows Antagonism with Cisplatin, International Journal of Phytomedicine, 3: 392-405
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References
Ayers, L., Kohler, M., Harrison, P., Sargent, I., Dragovic, R., and Schaap, M., 2011, Measurement of Circulating Cell-derived Microparticles by Flowcytometry : Source of Variability within the Assay, ThrombosisResearch, 127 : 370-377.
Dehkordi, B.M. and Safaee, A., 2012, An Overview of Colorectal Cancer Survival Rates And Prognosis in Asia, World Journal of Gastroenterology, 4(4),71-75.
Gattenlohner, S., Etschmann, B., Kunzmann, V., Thalheimer, A., Hack, M., Kleber, G., et a., 2009, Concordance of KRAS/BRAF Mutation Status in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Before and After Anti-EGFR Therapy, Journal of Oncology,2009 : 1-8.
Gibellini, L., Marcello P., Milena N., Jonas P.M., Sara, D.B., Erika, R., Bertoncelli, L., Cooper, E.L, and Cossarizza, A., 2011, Quercetin and Cancer Chemoprevention, HindawiPublishingCorporation, No. 591356.
Longley,D.B. and Johnston, P.G., 2007, 5-Fluorouracil Molecular Mechanisms of Cell Death in Srivastava R., Apoptosis, Cell Signaling, and Human Diseases, Humana Press.
Mossmann, T., 1983, Rapid Colorimetric Assay for Cellular Growth and Survival, Application to Proliferation and Cytotoxicity Assays, J. ImmunolMethods, 65 (1-2) : 55-63.
Nurulita, N.A., Meiyanto, E., Sugiyanto, Matsuda, E., and Kawaichi, M., 2011, The Ethyl Acetate Fraction of GynuraprocumbensSensitizesWiDr Colon Cancer Cell Line against 5-Fluorouracil but Shows Antagonism with Cisplatin, International Journal of Phytomedicine, 3: 392-405
Parhi, P., Mohanty, C., and Sahoo, S.K., 2012, Nanotechnology based combinational drug delivery : an emerging approach for cancer therapy, Drug Discovery Today, 17, 1044-1052
Reynolds, C.P. and Maurer, B.J., 2005, Evaluating Response to Antineoplastic Drug Combination in Tissue Culture Models, Methods in Molecular Medicine, 110 : 173-183.
Thomas, J.B.D., Sharker, A. and Glenne-Jones, R., 2004, Chest Pain Induced by 5-Fluorouracil, Br.J.Cardiol, 11, 483-485.