Main Article Content
Abstract
The recent rise in bullying cases that have hit various educational institutions at all levels has caused profound problems. More than that, Indonesia is currently ranked 5th in the world in cases of bullying in educational institutions. This research aims to examine spiritual approaches in learning to improve anti-bullying based learning. This research is qualitative field research with a case study approach. Data collection was carried out by interviewing school principals, teachers and students, observing the implementation of anti-bullying-based education with a spiritual approach and documenting school documents, like; lesson plans, report and school collaboration documents. Data analysis was carried out by sorting, grouping, coding and then looking for appropriate themes for interpretation. The research results show that a spiritual learning approach can be carried out by strengthening learning materials and integrating learning materials. Reinforcing learning has a greater impact compared to integrating learning. The importance of learning with a spiritual approach to the development of students is the internalization of noble religious teachings. So that it can form good behavior and keep students away from bullying behavior that currently still often occurs among Indonesian students.
Keywords
Article Details
References
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- Azizah, N., Nurdianzah, E., Wijaya, M. M., Azami, T., & Rohman, A. (2023). Religious Moderation in The Industrial Era 4.0: Deradicalization Through The Development of Intellectual Traditions at Fadhlul Fadhlan Islamic Boarding School Semarang. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 20(2), 233–246. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpai.v20i2.7771
- Bili, F. G., & Sugito, S. (2020). Perspektif Orang Tua Tentang Perilaku Bullying Anak TK: ditinjau dari Tingkat Pendidikan. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i2.939
- Bronfenbrenner. (1979). The Ecology of Human Development: Experiments by Nature and Design. Cambridge. Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research.
- Cresswel, J. W. (2014). Research design:Qualitative, quantitative and moxed method. In Sage Publications Inc.
- Dalimunthe, D. S. (2023). Transformasi Pendidikan Agama Islam: Memperkuat Nilai-nilai Spiritual, Etika, dan Pemahaman Keislaman dalam Konteks Modern. Al-Murabbi: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.62086/al-murabbi.v1i1.426
- Dodi, L., & Abitolkha, A. M. (2022). FROM SUFISM TO RESOLUTION: EXAMINING THE SPIRITUAL TEACHINGS OF TAREKAT SHIDDIQIYYAH AS THE THEOLOGY OF PEACE IN INDONESIA. Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.21043/qijis.v10i1.11260
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- Dokumentasi. (2022). Kurikulum MTs Nu Nurul Huda.
- Dokumentasi. (2023a). MTs Nu Nurul Huda Kudus.
- Dokumentasi. (2023b). RPP mata pelajaran di MTs NU Nurul Huda, Kudus.
- Effendy, R. I. (2022). Peran Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Membentuk Karakter Religius Siswa. Jurnal Subulana, 1(2).
- Firizbrilian Purbasafir, T., & Suminarti Fasikhah, S. (2024). Peer Counseling: Addressing Bullying Issues Among Adolescents. KnE Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v9i5.15200
- Fitria, H., Kristiawan, M., & Rahmat, N. (2019). UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI GURU MELALUI PELATIHAN PENELITIAN TINDAKAN KELAS. ABDIMAS UNWAHAS, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.31942/abd.v4i1.2690
- Gremyr, I., Lenning, J., Elg, M., & Martin, J. (2021). Increasing the value of quality management systems. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 13(3). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQSS-10-2020-0170
- Hamjah, S. H., Zur Raffar, I. N. A., Rahman, Z. A., & Rasit, R. M. (2020). Applying spiritual aspect of parenting skills to adolescents in the family. Afkar, 22(2). https://doi.org/10.22452/afkar.vol22no2.9
- Hanin Hamjah, S., Mohd Arifin, S. N. A., Ismail, Z., Mastor, K. A., Mohamad Rasit, R., & Ab. Rahman, Z. (2020). Islamic spiritual approach in developing a positive mindset. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 10(10).
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- Hidayat Sutisna, S., Rozak, A., & Renanda Saputra, W. (2023). Peran Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan Sekolah. JIIP - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 6(9). https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v6i9.2718
- Hurlock, E. B. (1972). Child development McGraw-Hill series in psychology (Fifth Edition). In McGraw-Hill.
- Indramaya, I. (2023). SOSIALISASI BULLYING DAN CARA MENGATASI BULLYING DI SEKOLAH. Pattimura Mengabdi : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 1(3). https://doi.org/10.30598/pattimura-mengabdi.1.3.115-118
- Kadir, abdul. (2013). KONSEP PEMBELAJARAN KONTEKSTUAL DI SEKOLAH. Dinamika Ilmu, 13(1).
- Karpin, A. M. (2018). Pendekatan Pembelajaran Sains Berbasis Pemahaman Alquran Dalam Pembelajaran Kimia Makanan. Media Pendidikan, Gizi, Dan Kuliner, 7(1).
- Kasmawati, Y. (2020). Peningkatan Kompetensi Melalui Kolaborasi : Suatu Tinjauan Teoritis Terhadap Guru. Equilibrium: Jurnal Pendidikan, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.26618/equilibrium.v8i2.3377
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- Khasanah, H. D., Khotimah, H., Masse, I., & Annadia, I. (2023). Analysis of Counseling Barriers in Handling Bullying Cases in Senior High Schools. International Journal of Education and Teaching Zone, 2(3). https://doi.org/10.57092/ijetz.v2i3.88
- Kusuma, D. (2018). Pembentukan Karakter Religius Melalui Pembiasaan Sholat Berjamaah. Jurnal Kewarganegaraan P-ISSN: 1978-0184 E-ISSN: 2723-2328, 2 No. 2(2).
- Man, X., Liu, J., & Xue, Z. (2022). Effects of Bullying Forms on Adolescent Mental Health and Protective Factors: A Global Cross-Regional Research Based on 65 Countries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042374
- Marlina, Y. (2023). Expanding Avenues In Building Students’ character Through Religious And Spiritual Development In Digital Era. EDUTEC : Journal of Education And Technology, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.29062/edu.v7i1.639
- Mayasari, S., & Rambe, T. (2023). Sanksi terhadap Praktik Bullying di Pesantren Kota Padangsidempuan. Legitimasi: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Dan Politik Hukum, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.22373/legitimasi.v11i2.15267
- McComas, W. F. (2018). Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). The Language of Science Education, 79–79. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-497-0_69
- Mendeley. (2024). bullying. Mendeley Search. https://www.mendeley.com/search/?page=1&publicationYear=2022%7C2023%7C2024%7C2021%7C2020&query=%22bullying%22&sortBy=relevance
- Menken, M. S., Rodriguez Rivera, P. J., Isaiah, A., Ernst, T., Cloak, C. C., & Chang, L. (2023). Longitudinal alterations in brain morphometry mediated the effects of bullying victimization on cognitive development in preadolescents. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101247
- Miles, M. B. and A. M. H. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis (terjemahan. UI Press.
- Nurdianzah, E. (2020). Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Islam dalam Tradisi Jawa (Kajian Historis Pendidikan Islam dalam Dakwah Walisanga). Jurnal PROGRESS, 8(1).
- Nurdianzah, E., Azizah, N., & Zulfa, L. N. (2024). How to Use Educational Media in the Formation of Anti-Bullying Values in Schools in the Post Truth Era. Atthulab: Islamic Religion Teaching and Learning Journal, 9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15575/ath.v9i1.33798
- Nurdianzah, E., Mirza, M. W., & Anas, R. (2023). NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DALAM SEJARAH DAKWAH NABI MUHAMMAD DI MADINAH SEBAGAI SARANA PENENEMAN KARAKTER PADA REMAJA. Jurnal Progress: Wahana Kreativitas Dan Intelektualitas, 11(November), 163–176. https://doi.org/10.31942/pgrs.v11i2.9865
- Observasi. (2021). kondisi pembelajaran di MTs NU Nurul Huda Kudus.
- Pebriany, D. N. (2023). Upaya Guru Bimbingan Konseling Dalam Mengatasi Bullying Di SMP Negeri 30 Banjarmasin. Pahlawan Jurnal Pendidikan-Sosial-Budaya, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.57216/pah.v19i1.557
- Pratama, Y. A. (2019). Relevansi Teori Belajar Behaviorisme Terhadap Pendidikan Agama Islam. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam Al-Thariqah, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.25299/al-thariqah.2019.vol4(1).2718
- Rosa, N. (2023). Data Kasus Bullying di Sekolah, FSGI: 50% di Jenjang SMP. DetikEdu. https://www.detik.com/edu/detikpedia/d-6962155/data-kasus-bullying-di-sekolah-fsgi-50-di-jenjang-smp
- Santoso, A. (2018). Pendidikan Anti Bullying. Majalah Ilmiah “Pelita Ilmu,†1(2).
- Setiowati, A., & Astuti Dwiningrum, S. I. (2020). STRATEGI LAYANAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING DI SEKOLAH DASAR UNTUK MENGATASI PERILAKU BULLYING. Elementary School: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Ke-SD-An, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.31316/esjurnal.v7i2.750
- Siddiqui, S., Schultze-Krumbholz, A., & Hinduja, P. (2023). Practices for dealing with bullying by educators in Pakistan: Results from a study using the handling bullying questionnaire. Cogent Education, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2023.2236442
- Sun, J., & Cao, L. (2022). Explaining Physical Bullying in Chinese Middle Schools. Journal of School Violence, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/15388220.2021.1985324
- Sung, Y. H., Lu, C. Y., Chen, L. M., & Valcke, M. (2020). Teachers’ cognitions and handling strategies regarding bully-victims. Research Papers in Education, 35(3). https://doi.org/10.1080/02671522.2018.1547919
- Sutarto, S. (2017). DAMPAK PENGIRING PEMBELAJARAN PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK UNTUK MENGEMBANGAN SIKAP SPIRITUAL DAN SOSIAL SISWA. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, 36(1). https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v36i1.12792
- UNICEF. (2020). Laporan Tahunan 2020 Indonesia. Unicef. https://www.unicef.org/indonesia/id/laporan/laporan-tahunan-2020
- Utsch, M. (2022). Religious-spiritual approaches to psychotherapy and limits of integration. Nervenheilkunde, 41(12). https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1944-8032
- Wawancara. (2021). Bapak Zaini, Kepala MTs NU Nurul Huda Kudus.
- Wawancara. (2022a). Adelia Khanza, anak didik kelas VIII MTs NU Nurul Huda Kudus.
- Wawancara. (2022b). Ibu Sari, Guru Mata Pelajaran Al-Qur’an Hadist di MTs Nu Nurul Huda Kudus.
- Wulandari, H., & Ningsih, S. A. (2023). Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter Sejak Dini Untuk Melawan Aksi Bullying Era Revolusi 5.0. Innovative : Journal Of Socisl Sciece Research, 3(2), 14773–14787.
- Yamada, S., & Setyowati, R. N. (2023). Peran Guru dalam Mengatasi Tindakan School Bullying Sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Sekolah Ramah Anak di SMP Negeri 2 Wates Kab. Kediri. Journal of Civics and Moral Studies, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.26740/jcms.v7n1.p30-43
- Zaenul, A. (2022). Character Education Based on Reflective Pedagogical Paradigm and Its Effect on Conscience and Compassion of Students. European Journal of Psychology and Educational Research, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.12973/ejper.5.2.77
References
Abubakar, Z., & Maishanu, I. M. (2020). Adherence to islamic principles of success and academic achievement. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v9i2.20473
Afifah, M. N. (2022). Konsep Insan Kamil Ibnu Arabi. OSF Preprints.
Andrews, N. C. Z., Cillessen, A. H. N., Craig, W., Dane, A. V., & Volk, A. A. (2023). Bullying and the Abuse of Power. International Journal of Bullying Prevention, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42380-023-00170-0
Azizah, N., Nurdianzah, E., Wijaya, M. M., Azami, T., & Rohman, A. (2023). Religious Moderation in The Industrial Era 4.0: Deradicalization Through The Development of Intellectual Traditions at Fadhlul Fadhlan Islamic Boarding School Semarang. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 20(2), 233–246. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpai.v20i2.7771
Bili, F. G., & Sugito, S. (2020). Perspektif Orang Tua Tentang Perilaku Bullying Anak TK: ditinjau dari Tingkat Pendidikan. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i2.939
Bronfenbrenner. (1979). The Ecology of Human Development: Experiments by Nature and Design. Cambridge. Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research.
Cresswel, J. W. (2014). Research design:Qualitative, quantitative and moxed method. In Sage Publications Inc.
Dalimunthe, D. S. (2023). Transformasi Pendidikan Agama Islam: Memperkuat Nilai-nilai Spiritual, Etika, dan Pemahaman Keislaman dalam Konteks Modern. Al-Murabbi: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.62086/al-murabbi.v1i1.426
Dodi, L., & Abitolkha, A. M. (2022). FROM SUFISM TO RESOLUTION: EXAMINING THE SPIRITUAL TEACHINGS OF TAREKAT SHIDDIQIYYAH AS THE THEOLOGY OF PEACE IN INDONESIA. Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.21043/qijis.v10i1.11260
Dokumentasi. (2021). Jadwal pelaksanaan program madrasah tahun 2021/2022.
Dokumentasi. (2022). Kurikulum MTs Nu Nurul Huda.
Dokumentasi. (2023a). MTs Nu Nurul Huda Kudus.
Dokumentasi. (2023b). RPP mata pelajaran di MTs NU Nurul Huda, Kudus.
Effendy, R. I. (2022). Peran Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Membentuk Karakter Religius Siswa. Jurnal Subulana, 1(2).
Firizbrilian Purbasafir, T., & Suminarti Fasikhah, S. (2024). Peer Counseling: Addressing Bullying Issues Among Adolescents. KnE Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v9i5.15200
Fitria, H., Kristiawan, M., & Rahmat, N. (2019). UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI GURU MELALUI PELATIHAN PENELITIAN TINDAKAN KELAS. ABDIMAS UNWAHAS, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.31942/abd.v4i1.2690
Gremyr, I., Lenning, J., Elg, M., & Martin, J. (2021). Increasing the value of quality management systems. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 13(3). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQSS-10-2020-0170
Hamjah, S. H., Zur Raffar, I. N. A., Rahman, Z. A., & Rasit, R. M. (2020). Applying spiritual aspect of parenting skills to adolescents in the family. Afkar, 22(2). https://doi.org/10.22452/afkar.vol22no2.9
Hanin Hamjah, S., Mohd Arifin, S. N. A., Ismail, Z., Mastor, K. A., Mohamad Rasit, R., & Ab. Rahman, Z. (2020). Islamic spiritual approach in developing a positive mindset. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 10(10).
Harahap, A. (2018). Integrasi Alquran dan Materi Pembelajaran Kurikulum Sains pada Tingkat Sekolah di Indonesia : Langkah Menuju Kurikulum Sains Berbasis Alquran. Jurnal Penelitian Medan Agama, 9(1).
Hidayat Sutisna, S., Rozak, A., & Renanda Saputra, W. (2023). Peran Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan Sekolah. JIIP - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 6(9). https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v6i9.2718
Hurlock, E. B. (1972). Child development McGraw-Hill series in psychology (Fifth Edition). In McGraw-Hill.
Indramaya, I. (2023). SOSIALISASI BULLYING DAN CARA MENGATASI BULLYING DI SEKOLAH. Pattimura Mengabdi : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 1(3). https://doi.org/10.30598/pattimura-mengabdi.1.3.115-118
Kadir, abdul. (2013). KONSEP PEMBELAJARAN KONTEKSTUAL DI SEKOLAH. Dinamika Ilmu, 13(1).
Karpin, A. M. (2018). Pendekatan Pembelajaran Sains Berbasis Pemahaman Alquran Dalam Pembelajaran Kimia Makanan. Media Pendidikan, Gizi, Dan Kuliner, 7(1).
Kasmawati, Y. (2020). Peningkatan Kompetensi Melalui Kolaborasi : Suatu Tinjauan Teoritis Terhadap Guru. Equilibrium: Jurnal Pendidikan, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.26618/equilibrium.v8i2.3377
Kemendikbud. (2020). Pemerintah Kuatkan Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Perundungan Anak di Sekolah Dasar. https://ditpsd.kemdikbud.go.id/artikel/detail/pemerintah-kuatkan-pencegahan-dan-penanggulangan-perundungan-anak-di-sekolah-dasar-2
Khasanah, H. D., Khotimah, H., Masse, I., & Annadia, I. (2023). Analysis of Counseling Barriers in Handling Bullying Cases in Senior High Schools. International Journal of Education and Teaching Zone, 2(3). https://doi.org/10.57092/ijetz.v2i3.88
Kusuma, D. (2018). Pembentukan Karakter Religius Melalui Pembiasaan Sholat Berjamaah. Jurnal Kewarganegaraan P-ISSN: 1978-0184 E-ISSN: 2723-2328, 2 No. 2(2).
Man, X., Liu, J., & Xue, Z. (2022). Effects of Bullying Forms on Adolescent Mental Health and Protective Factors: A Global Cross-Regional Research Based on 65 Countries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042374
Marlina, Y. (2023). Expanding Avenues In Building Students’ character Through Religious And Spiritual Development In Digital Era. EDUTEC : Journal of Education And Technology, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.29062/edu.v7i1.639
Mayasari, S., & Rambe, T. (2023). Sanksi terhadap Praktik Bullying di Pesantren Kota Padangsidempuan. Legitimasi: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Dan Politik Hukum, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.22373/legitimasi.v11i2.15267
McComas, W. F. (2018). Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). The Language of Science Education, 79–79. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-497-0_69
Mendeley. (2024). bullying. Mendeley Search. https://www.mendeley.com/search/?page=1&publicationYear=2022%7C2023%7C2024%7C2021%7C2020&query=%22bullying%22&sortBy=relevance
Menken, M. S., Rodriguez Rivera, P. J., Isaiah, A., Ernst, T., Cloak, C. C., & Chang, L. (2023). Longitudinal alterations in brain morphometry mediated the effects of bullying victimization on cognitive development in preadolescents. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101247
Miles, M. B. and A. M. H. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis (terjemahan. UI Press.
Nurdianzah, E. (2020). Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Islam dalam Tradisi Jawa (Kajian Historis Pendidikan Islam dalam Dakwah Walisanga). Jurnal PROGRESS, 8(1).
Nurdianzah, E., Azizah, N., & Zulfa, L. N. (2024). How to Use Educational Media in the Formation of Anti-Bullying Values in Schools in the Post Truth Era. Atthulab: Islamic Religion Teaching and Learning Journal, 9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15575/ath.v9i1.33798
Nurdianzah, E., Mirza, M. W., & Anas, R. (2023). NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DALAM SEJARAH DAKWAH NABI MUHAMMAD DI MADINAH SEBAGAI SARANA PENENEMAN KARAKTER PADA REMAJA. Jurnal Progress: Wahana Kreativitas Dan Intelektualitas, 11(November), 163–176. https://doi.org/10.31942/pgrs.v11i2.9865
Observasi. (2021). kondisi pembelajaran di MTs NU Nurul Huda Kudus.
Pebriany, D. N. (2023). Upaya Guru Bimbingan Konseling Dalam Mengatasi Bullying Di SMP Negeri 30 Banjarmasin. Pahlawan Jurnal Pendidikan-Sosial-Budaya, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.57216/pah.v19i1.557
Pratama, Y. A. (2019). Relevansi Teori Belajar Behaviorisme Terhadap Pendidikan Agama Islam. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam Al-Thariqah, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.25299/al-thariqah.2019.vol4(1).2718
Rosa, N. (2023). Data Kasus Bullying di Sekolah, FSGI: 50% di Jenjang SMP. DetikEdu. https://www.detik.com/edu/detikpedia/d-6962155/data-kasus-bullying-di-sekolah-fsgi-50-di-jenjang-smp
Santoso, A. (2018). Pendidikan Anti Bullying. Majalah Ilmiah “Pelita Ilmu,†1(2).
Setiowati, A., & Astuti Dwiningrum, S. I. (2020). STRATEGI LAYANAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING DI SEKOLAH DASAR UNTUK MENGATASI PERILAKU BULLYING. Elementary School: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Ke-SD-An, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.31316/esjurnal.v7i2.750
Siddiqui, S., Schultze-Krumbholz, A., & Hinduja, P. (2023). Practices for dealing with bullying by educators in Pakistan: Results from a study using the handling bullying questionnaire. Cogent Education, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2023.2236442
Sun, J., & Cao, L. (2022). Explaining Physical Bullying in Chinese Middle Schools. Journal of School Violence, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/15388220.2021.1985324
Sung, Y. H., Lu, C. Y., Chen, L. M., & Valcke, M. (2020). Teachers’ cognitions and handling strategies regarding bully-victims. Research Papers in Education, 35(3). https://doi.org/10.1080/02671522.2018.1547919
Sutarto, S. (2017). DAMPAK PENGIRING PEMBELAJARAN PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK UNTUK MENGEMBANGAN SIKAP SPIRITUAL DAN SOSIAL SISWA. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, 36(1). https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v36i1.12792
UNICEF. (2020). Laporan Tahunan 2020 Indonesia. Unicef. https://www.unicef.org/indonesia/id/laporan/laporan-tahunan-2020
Utsch, M. (2022). Religious-spiritual approaches to psychotherapy and limits of integration. Nervenheilkunde, 41(12). https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1944-8032
Wawancara. (2021). Bapak Zaini, Kepala MTs NU Nurul Huda Kudus.
Wawancara. (2022a). Adelia Khanza, anak didik kelas VIII MTs NU Nurul Huda Kudus.
Wawancara. (2022b). Ibu Sari, Guru Mata Pelajaran Al-Qur’an Hadist di MTs Nu Nurul Huda Kudus.
Wulandari, H., & Ningsih, S. A. (2023). Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter Sejak Dini Untuk Melawan Aksi Bullying Era Revolusi 5.0. Innovative : Journal Of Socisl Sciece Research, 3(2), 14773–14787.
Yamada, S., & Setyowati, R. N. (2023). Peran Guru dalam Mengatasi Tindakan School Bullying Sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Sekolah Ramah Anak di SMP Negeri 2 Wates Kab. Kediri. Journal of Civics and Moral Studies, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.26740/jcms.v7n1.p30-43
Zaenul, A. (2022). Character Education Based on Reflective Pedagogical Paradigm and Its Effect on Conscience and Compassion of Students. European Journal of Psychology and Educational Research, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.12973/ejper.5.2.77